202 results found for lindau-nobel

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00:31:00

Seeing is Believing – A Hundred Years of Visualizing Molecules

by Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
Seeing is Believing – A Hundred Years of Visualizing Molecules
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 9 years ago | 1366 views
Rating:

It has been a hundred years since molecules were first visualized directly by using x-ray crystallography. That gave us our first look at molecules as simple as common salt to one as complex as the ribosome that has almost a million atoms. In the las....

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00:28:00

Optical Microscopy – the Resolution Revolution

by Stefan Hell
Optical Microscopy – the Resolution Revolution
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 9 years ago | 1406 views
Rating:

Throughout the 20th century it was widely accepted that a light microscope relying on conventional optical lenses cannot discern details that are much finer than about half the wavelength of light (200-400 nm), due to diffraction. However, in the 199....

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00:34:00

The Dawn of the Fullerenes: A Research Adventure

by Robert Curl
The Dawn of the Fullerenes: A Research Adventure
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1788 views
Rating:

When he received the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Richard E. Smalley (who also worked at Rice) and Sir Harold Kroto (at the time at the University of Sussex, UK), this was a true example of national and international scientific collabo....

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00:32:00

C60-Buckminsterfullerene: Not just a Pretty Molecule

by Harry Kroto
C60-Buckminsterfullerene: Not just a Pretty Molecule
for 14-19 and upwards,
Lectures | 14-19 and upwards | 10 years ago | 2101 views
Rating:

Amongst the Nobel Laureates lecturing in Lindau, Sir Harold Kroto would probably earn the award for the most unusual and characteristic way of presenting. This lecture, which is the first he ever gave in Lindau, is no exception. Kroto`s way of presen....

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00:29:00

Créativité Sans Frontières

by Harold Kroto
Créativité Sans Frontières
for 14-19 and upwards,
Lectures | 14-19 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1857 views
Rating:

Children are not the only ones who instinctively appreciate the elegant beauty of highly symmetric structures such as the soccer ball and “play” with them. Artists, architects, scientists, mathematicians and engineers are also fascinated by elega....

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00:35:00

Science – Lost in Translation?

by Harold Kroto
Science – Lost in Translation?
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1891 views
Rating:

This presentation explores the way in which the ideas and advances of people like Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler to Newton and Leibniz laid the foundations of Science.  The Enlightenment was a byproduct of this philosophical breakthrough and right f....

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00:31:00

HIV, a Discovery Highlighting the Global Benefit of Translational Research

by Francoise Barre-Sinoussi
HIV, a Discovery Highlighting the Global Benefit of Translational Research
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1701 views
Rating:

The fantastic progress made in medicine led the scientific community to hope about the complete eradication of infectious diseases in the middle of the 20th century. The sudden emergence of AIDS in the early 80's cruelly reminded us that this dream ....

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00:33:00

Programmed Cell Death in Development and Disease

by Robert Horvitz
Programmed Cell Death in Development and Disease
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 2093 views
Rating:

Programmed cell death (often referred to as apoptosis) is a normal feature of animal development and tissue homeostasis. The misregulation of cell death has been implicated in a diversity of human disorders, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, he....

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00:42:00

Natural Selection and the Future of Life

by Christian de DuvŽ
Natural Selection and the Future of Life
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1876 views
Rating:

In his lecture Professor Christian Rene de DuvŽ gives a rough overview on the history of life starting about 3.5 billion years ago with the first cells up to the appearance of the first primates 70 million years ago, and he states that all organisms....

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00:45:00

On the Genetic Basis of Morphological Evolution

by Christiane Nusslein-Volhard
On the Genetic Basis of Morphological Evolution
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1347 views
Rating:

Darwin's theory of evolution states that variation of the shape and pattern of the adults rather than the embryos are the basis for natural selection. In order to understand how morphological variation arises, it is important to identify the genes th....

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00:28:00

DNA between Physics and Biology

by Luc Montagnier
DNA between Physics and Biology
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 2112 views
Rating:

The association of DNA with water is known since the deciphering of its double helical structure by X-Ray diffraction in 1953 (Watson, Crick, Wilkins and Franklin). However the power of DNA for organizing water seems to go far beyond the direct fill....

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00:32:00

Cultural Values of Scientific Knowledge

by Werner Arber
Cultural Values of Scientific Knowledge
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 3043 views
Rating:

The acquisition of scientific knowledge largely depends on the availability of appropriate research approaches and methodologies. Novel scientific knowledge represents cultural values. On the one hand, it enriches our world-view with impacts on our....

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00:31:00

The Future of Life

by Christian de Duve
The Future of Life
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1505 views
Rating:

Ever since its first appearance, more than 3.5 billion years ago, life has evolved without guiding plan, propelled by: 1) its own intrinsic properties, which, with the help of outside energy, provided the necessary driving force; 2) accidental geneti....

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00:30:00

From the Structure of the Ribosome to the Design of New Antibiotics

by Thomas Steitz
From the Structure of the Ribosome to the Design of New Antibiotics
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1921 views
Rating:

Structural studies of the ribosome exemplify the evolution of structural studies in cell biology from the early negatively stained images of macromolecular assemblies in whole cells, to a detailed atomic understanding of the mechanism of action of a ....

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00:34:00

Discovery of Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP in Cell Signalling and their Role in Drug Development

by Ferid Murad
Discovery of Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP in Cell Signalling and their Role in Drug Development
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 3172 views
Rating:

The role of nitric oxide in cellular signaling in the past three decades has become one of the most rapidly growing areas in biology. Nitric oxide is a gas and a free radical with an unshared electron that can regulate an ever-growing list of biolog....

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00:29:00

The Lability of the Differentiated State

by Martin Evans
The Lability of the Differentiated State
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1383 views
Rating:

Many classical studies have shown that cell fates become progressively restricted during development and that this restriction is typically irreversible. This has led to the dogma of the Stability of the Differentiated State: cells cannot typically ....

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00:35:00

Updated Notions on Darwinian Evolution

by Werner Arber
Updated Notions on Darwinian Evolution
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1577 views
Rating:

Charles Darwin had based his theory of biological evolution on the observation that phenotypic variants of a given species can sometimes over-grow their parental population, and he attributed this to selective advantage, i.e., to the impact of natura....

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00:29:00

Protein Cross Talk in Cell Signaling

by Edmond Fischer
Protein Cross Talk in Cell Signaling
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1449 views
Rating:

The main focus of the talk will be on signaling by tyrosine phosphorylation, which has been directly implicated in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and transformation. External signals coming in the form of mitogenic hormones and growt....

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00:33:00

Signals and Signalling Mechanisms in the Central Nervous System

by Erwin Neher
Signals and Signalling Mechanisms in the Central Nervous System
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1938 views
Rating:

Our brain is a network of about 10^11 neurons, which are connected by synapses. A neuron typically receives input from about 10000 other neurons, which can be either excitatory or inhibitory. The neuron integrates these inputs and generates an 'act....

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00:31:00

Infections in the Etiology of Human Cancers

by Harald Zur Hausen
Infections in the Etiology of Human Cancers
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1506 views
Rating:

During the past century a number of chemical and physical risk factors for human cancers have been identified. Only relatively recently, mainly during the past 30 years, infectious agents have been identified as important human carcinogens. Besides....

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00:41:00

Climbing the Everest Beyond the Everest

by Ada Yonath
Climbing the Everest Beyond the Everest
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1879 views
Rating:

The challenges associated with pursuing ribosomal crystallography can be described as a series of Everest climbing. At each step, when reaching the summit, a taller and more difficult one became exposed. Snapshots of this story will be described.__....

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00:41:00

Telomeres and Telomerase in Human Health and Disease

by Elizabeth Blackburn
Telomeres and Telomerase in Human Health and Disease
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 3069 views
Rating:

Telomeres are the protective tips that stabilize the ends of chromosomes. The function of telomeres is to allow cells to divide while holding the genetic material intact. Telomeres contain specialized, simple repetitive DNA sequences that, together....

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00:38:00

Humanity in the Cosmos

by Gerardus t'Hooft
Humanity in the Cosmos
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1208 views
Rating:

In the recent past, rapid scientific and technological developments have had tremendous impact on human society. Notably the pc, internet and mobile telephony changed the world and shrank our planet. These developments are vastly different from the....

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00:31:00

From Millisecond to Attosecond Laser Pulses

by Nicolaas Bloembergen
From Millisecond to Attosecond Laser Pulses
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1736 views
Rating:

A historical overview is presented of the experimental development of ever shorter laser pulses from 1960 to the present. Already in the early sixties nanosecond pulses were achieved and the entry into the picosecond domain was reached in the late s....

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00:25:00

Role of Cortical Noise in Vision

by Donald Glaser
Role of Cortical Noise in Vision
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1119 views
Rating:

Our brains are always generating electrical signals, even if we close our eyes, plug our ears, and lie in a warm bath. These signals are called cortical noise because they don't correlate with any sensation or thought of which we are aware. I will ....

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00:36:00

The Individuality of Light Quanta

by Roy Glauber
The Individuality of Light Quanta
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1540 views
Rating:

Light quanta are the fundamental units of radiant energy. When propagating freely they travel at the fastest attainable speed and live forever. These properties recommend them as the ideal messengers for communication of all sorts. Ordinary light ....

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00:27:00

Which Way For Physics?

by Brian Josephson
Which Way For Physics?
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1240 views
Rating:

This talk describes a new approach to the problem of characterising physical reality, one with the potential to fill in gaps in the conventional understanding of nature. It is based on a different view from the usual one of structure at the finest l....

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00:35:00

How Advances in Science are Made

by Douglas Osheroff
How Advances in Science are Made
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 978 views
Rating:

How advances in science are made, and how they may come to benefit mankind at large are complex issues. The discoveries that most influence the way we think about nature seldom can be anticipated, and frequently the applications for new technologies....

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00:44:00

The Impact of Big Science on Astrophysics

by Riccardo Giacconi
The Impact of Big Science on Astrophysics
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1485 views
Rating:

The Chandra and Hubble Telescopes are in space and each costs (through operations) several billion dollars. VLT is on the ground but over 20 years of operations will also cost in excess of a billion. They all fall therefore in the category of what ....

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00:35:00

The Large Hadron Collider and the Super World

by David Gross
The Large Hadron Collider and the Super World
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1836 views
Rating:

In the period 1990 to 2001 many powerful new astronomical observational facilities have become operational. Hubble Space telescope was launched in 1990; it was followed by the construction of Keck I in 1992 and Keck II in 1996, by the completion of....

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00:40:00

The Beginning and Development of the Universe

by George Smoot
The Beginning and Development of the Universe
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1670 views
Rating:

By careful investigation of relic left on the cosmic scene we have very good evidence and constraints on what has occurred since the beginning of the Universe. This talk reviews the evidence including images and information from the very first light....

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00:32:00

What Future for Energy and Climate?

by Jack Steinberger
What Future for Energy and Climate?
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1247 views
Rating:

We are using the planet's fossil fuel resources in a time which is very short compared to that of human evolution. In the same process we are changing the planet's climate and sea level, threatening the future of large segments of the global populat....

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00:30:00

The Development of Particle Physics

by Martinus Veltman
The Development of Particle Physics
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1525 views
Rating:

Particle physics mainly developed after World War II. It has its roots in the first half of the previous century, when it became clear that all matter is made up from atoms, and the atoms in turn were found to contain a nucleus surrounded by electro....

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00:29:00

Discovery of Superconducting Tunneling

by Ivar Giaver
Discovery of Superconducting Tunneling
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1868 views
Rating:

I had the great fortune to receive a Nobel Prize in Physics for using electron tunneling to measure the energy gap in superconductors. In this talk I will recollect some of the events that led to this discovery and hopefully I will be able to convey....

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00:32:00

The Optical Frequency Comb – a Really Versatile Tool

by John Hall
The Optical Frequency Comb – a Really Versatile Tool
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1557 views
Rating:

The Optical Frequency Comb concept and technology exploded in 1999-2000 from the synthesis of advances in independent fields of Laser Stabilization, UltraFast Lasers, and NonLinear Optical Fibers. The Comb was developed first as a method for optical....

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00:29:00

Towards a Quantum Laboratory on a Chip

by Theodor Hänsch
Towards a Quantum Laboratory on a Chip
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1195 views
Rating:

Microfabricated magnetic traps, waveguides, and other elements for the manipulation of ultracold atoms can be combined to form a quantum laboratory on a chip. Devices such as miniaturized atom lasers, atom interferometers, and atomic clocks have been....

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00:33:00

Cold Atomic Gases: the Intersection of Condensed Matter and Atomic Physics

by William Phillips
Cold Atomic Gases: the Intersection of Condensed Matter and Atomic Physics
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1772 views
Rating:

During the past decade laser cooling and evaporative cooling of atoms have produced quantum degenerate gases both of bosons (Bose-Einstein condensates) and of fermions (gases with temperatures below the Fermi temperature). Such gases can provide ana....

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00:34:00

From Spinwaves to Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and Beyond

by Peter GrŸnberg
From Spinwaves to Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and Beyond
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1669 views
Rating:

Standing spinwaves and surface waves in layered magnetic structures can be used for the detection and quantitative evaluation of interlayer exchange coupling (IEC). Using this method antiferromagnetic IEC has been found in Fe/Cr/Fe layered structure....

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00:37:00

Where Do Ideas Come From?

by Oliver Smithies
Where Do Ideas Come From?
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1262 views
Rating:

At many times in your scientific lives, you will hopefully have ideas - good or not so good- that will determine what you will do next. Where do ideas come from? My intention is to tell you where some of mine came from, and particularly those when I....

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00:37:00

Generating the Fuel of Life

by John Walker
Generating the Fuel of Life
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1503 views
Rating:

The lecture will be devoted to the topic of how the biological world supplies itself with energy to make biology work, and what medical consequences ensue when the energy supply chain in our bodies is damaged or defective. We derive our energy from ....

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00:32:00

Tickling Worms: Surprises From Basic Research

by Martin Chalfie
Tickling Worms: Surprises From Basic Research
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1422 views
Rating:

Research, at least my research, has never been linear. I have found that my lab and I often double back on problems after years of inactivity or go off in entirely new directions as dictated by the work and peoples interests. This lack of direction....

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00:31:00

Biological Evolution in the Context of Cosmic Evolution and of Cultural Evolution

by Werner Arber
Biological Evolution in the Context of Cosmic Evolution and of Cultural Evolution
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1784 views
Rating:

After reconsidering the very long time periods in cosmic evolution, we will focus our attention to the evolutionary development of living organisms on our planet Earth. The genetic variants (mutations), which are occasionally produced, are alteratio....

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00:42:00

Discovery of Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP in Cell Signaling and Their Role in Drug Development

by Ferid Murad
Discovery of Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP in Cell Signaling and Their Role in Drug Development
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 2599 views
Rating:

The role of nitric oxide in cellular signaling in the past three decades has become one of the most rapidly growing areas in biology. Nitric oxide is a gas and a free radical with an unshared electron that can regulate an ever-growing list of biolog....

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00:33:00

Structural Biology and its Translation into Practice and Business: My Experience

by Robert Huber
Structural Biology and its Translation into Practice and Business: My Experience
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1794 views
Rating:

As a student in the early 1960s, I had the privilege to attend winter seminars organized by my mentor, W. Hoppe, and by M. Perutz, which took place in a small guesthouse in the Bavarian-Austrian Alps. The entire community of a handful of protein cry....

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00:34:00

Structural Studies on Cholesterol Transport

by Johann Deisenhofer
Structural Studies on Cholesterol Transport
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 2479 views
Rating:

Cholesterol has two essential functions in our bodies: It is an important component of cell membranes and it serves as the starting material for the synthesis of bile acids, steroid hormones, and other compounds. The human body obtains necessary cho....

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00:29:00

Membrane Proteins: Importance, Functions, Mechanisms

by Hartmut Michel
Membrane Proteins: Importance, Functions, Mechanisms
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1558 views
Rating:

Biological membranes define and compartmentalize the cells of higher organisms. Consisting of membrane proteins and lipids, they are basically impermeable for ions and polar substances, so that electric voltages (_membrane potentialsî) and substanc....

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00:42:00

Short-term Synaptic Plasticity

by Erwin Neher
Short-term Synaptic Plasticity
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 8253 views
Rating:

Our brain is a network of about 10^11 neurons, which are connected via synapses. A neuron typically receives input from about 10000 other neurons, which can be either excitatory or inhibitory. The neuron integrates these inputs and generates an actio....

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00:34:00

Towards Adaptive Chemistry

by Jean-Marie Lehn
Towards Adaptive Chemistry
for 18-22 and upwards,
Lectures | 18-22 and upwards | 10 years ago | 1528 views
Rating:

Supramolecular chemistry lies beyond molecular chemistry. It aims at implementing highly complex chemical systems from molecular components held together by non-covalent intermolecular forces and effecting molecular recognition, catalysis and transp....

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